A complete reference for maintaining peptide stability from the moment a vial leaves the supplier until the final aliquot is used.
Temperature at each stage
- Lyophilized, short term: 2–8°C, refrigerated, protected from light
- Lyophilized, long term: −20°C, aliquoted to avoid freeze-thaw
- Reconstituted: 2–8°C and used within the vendor-specified window
Reconstitution best practice
Allow the vial to equilibrate to room temperature before opening to reduce moisture uptake. Use bacteriostatic water for injection or the recommended buffer, direct the liquid slowly down the vial wall, and swirl gently—never shake vigorously, as agitation can damage structure.
Packaging and cold chain
Insulated boxes, gel packs, and sometimes dry ice for long international transit protect lyophilized powder. Most lyophilized peptides tolerate brief ambient exposure during shipping, but multi-day heat exposure should be avoided. Temperature indicators add accountability.
International shipping considerations
Confirm the supplier ships to your country, understand customs documentation and duties, and track the parcel closely so it is not left in a hot mailbox or depot. Institutional buyers should request SDS and commercial invoices in advance.
Stability troubleshooting
Moisture is the primary enemy of lyophilized peptide: caking, color change, or sticky powder suggests water exposure. Keep vials sealed, use desiccant, and label every aliquot with the reconstitution date.